Factores de riesgo de leishmaniasis en la jurisdicción del Centro de Salud Punta del Este, Tarapoto, 2017 – 2019
Loading...
Date
2023-11-09
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Fondo Editorial
Abstract
Objetivo: Conocer los factores de riesgo de leishmaniasis en la jurisdicción del Centro de Salud Punta del Este, Tarapoto, en el año 2017 - 2019. Los materiales y métodos: Se utilizó una población y muestra de 61 historias clínicas de pacientes diagnosticados con leishmaniosis y atendidos en el establecimiento de salud Punta del Este de Tarapoto, entre el año 2017 y 2019, en un estudio básico, descriptivo, no experimental, retrospectivo y observacional. Los resultados: Se observó que en el periodo de estudio, las personas de 30 a 59 años tienen más probabilidades de contraer leishmaniasis con el 36.1%, mostrando que el sexo femenino presentó 34 casos que equivale a un 55.7% y con 27 casos del sexo masculino que equivale el 44.3%, con respecto al factor sociodemográfico grado de instrucción, en el año 2017 predomina secundaria con el 19,7%; también en los años 2018 y 2019 predomina grado de instrucción secundaria con el 8,2%., con respecto al factor de riesgo nutricional, predomina no malnutrición con el 54.1%, y la mala nutrición con 45.9%., con respecto al factor de riesgo migratorio, predomina si migración con el 72.1%, y no migración presenta un 27.9%., con respecto al factor de riesgo cambio climático, predomina si existe riesgo de cambio climático con el 78.7%. Conclusión: e Se pudo concluir que existen factores de riesgo migratorios y ambientales de leishmaniasis en la jurisdicción del establecimiento de Salud Punta del Este, Tarapoto, en el año 2017 - 2019. El reconocimiento de los determinantes de riesgo de leishmaniasis sé vio que marcan los factores migratorios como los cambios migratorios hacia zonas endémicas y el factor ambiental como el cambio climático, de contraer la enfermedad, por el que ser humano entra hacia el hábitat del vector haciendo cambios de su ecosistema y estar más predispuestos a contraer la enfermedad por estar dentro del ambiente de vida del vector causante de la enfermedad. Los factores sociodemográficos como de años de vida, sexo y grado de escolaridad, se puede mencionar que no son predisponentes a padecer la enfermedad, ya que puede afectarse indistintamente a la edad, sexo y grado de instrucción. Los factores nutricionales como la malnutrición, se puede decir que no es determinante como causal para contraer la enfermedad, pero recalcar que la mala nutrición favorece de desarrollar la enfermedad con más predisposición.
Objective: To determine the risk factors for leishmaniasis in the jurisdiction of the Punta del Este Health Center, Tarapoto, during the years 2017 - 2019. Materials and methods: A basic, explanatory, non-experimental, retrospective, observational study was carried out, with a sample of 61 Clinical Records of patients diagnosed with Leishmaniasis who were treated at the Punta del Este Health Center, Tarapoto, from 2017. to 2019. The results: it is observed that in the study period, that people from 30 to 59 years old reported more cases of leishmaniasis with 36.1%, showing that the female sex presented 34 cases equivalent to 55.7% and with 27 cases of male sex that is equivalent to 44.3%. Regarding the sociodemographic factor, level of education, secondary education predominates with 19.7% in 2017, moreover in the years 2018 and 2019, secondary education predominates with 8.2%. With respect to the nutritional risk factor, non-malnutrition predominates with 54.1%, and malnutrition with 45.9%., with respect to the factor of migratory risk, predominates if migration with 72.1%, and non-migration presents 27.9%. Regarding the climate change risk factor, it predominates if there is a risk of climate change with 78.7%. Conclusion: It was concluded that there are migratory and environmental risk factors for leishmaniasis in the jurisdiction of the Punta del Este Health Center, Tarapoto, in the year 2017 - 2019. The identification of risk factors for leishmaniasis showed that migratory factors such as migratory changes to endemic areas and the environmental factor such as climate change influence the risk of contracting the disease, whereby humans enter the vector's habitat making changes to their ecosystem and being more predisposed to contracting the disease by being within the living environment of the vector causing the disease. Sociodemographic factors such as age, sex and level of education are not predisposing to the disease, since it can affect age, sex, and level of education indistinctly. Nutritional factors such as malnutrition, can be said not to be determinant as a causal factor for contracting the disease, but it should be emphasized that poor nutrition favors the development of the disease with more predisposition.
Objective: To determine the risk factors for leishmaniasis in the jurisdiction of the Punta del Este Health Center, Tarapoto, during the years 2017 - 2019. Materials and methods: A basic, explanatory, non-experimental, retrospective, observational study was carried out, with a sample of 61 Clinical Records of patients diagnosed with Leishmaniasis who were treated at the Punta del Este Health Center, Tarapoto, from 2017. to 2019. The results: it is observed that in the study period, that people from 30 to 59 years old reported more cases of leishmaniasis with 36.1%, showing that the female sex presented 34 cases equivalent to 55.7% and with 27 cases of male sex that is equivalent to 44.3%. Regarding the sociodemographic factor, level of education, secondary education predominates with 19.7% in 2017, moreover in the years 2018 and 2019, secondary education predominates with 8.2%. With respect to the nutritional risk factor, non-malnutrition predominates with 54.1%, and malnutrition with 45.9%., with respect to the factor of migratory risk, predominates if migration with 72.1%, and non-migration presents 27.9%. Regarding the climate change risk factor, it predominates if there is a risk of climate change with 78.7%. Conclusion: It was concluded that there are migratory and environmental risk factors for leishmaniasis in the jurisdiction of the Punta del Este Health Center, Tarapoto, in the year 2017 - 2019. The identification of risk factors for leishmaniasis showed that migratory factors such as migratory changes to endemic areas and the environmental factor such as climate change influence the risk of contracting the disease, whereby humans enter the vector's habitat making changes to their ecosystem and being more predisposed to contracting the disease by being within the living environment of the vector causing the disease. Sociodemographic factors such as age, sex and level of education are not predisposing to the disease, since it can affect age, sex, and level of education indistinctly. Nutritional factors such as malnutrition, can be said not to be determinant as a causal factor for contracting the disease, but it should be emphasized that poor nutrition favors the development of the disease with more predisposition.
Description
Keywords
Leishmaniasis, Factores de riesgo
Citation
Vela-Ríos, D. M. (2023). Factores de riesgo de leishmaniasis en la jurisdicción del Centro de Salud Punta del Este, Tarapoto, 2017 – 2019. Tesis para optar el grado de Maestro en Salud Pública con mención en Planificación y Gestión en Salud. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Tarapoto, Perú.