Eficiencia de biodigestores en el tratamiento de las aguas residuales domésticas a nivel familiar en el CC.PP. El Milagro, Moyobamba
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Date
2025-05-09
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Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Fondo Editorial
Abstract
Eficiencia de biodigestores en el tratamiento de las aguas residuales domésticas a nivel familiar en el CC.PP. El Milagro, Moyobamba
Las aguas residuales domésticas en concentraciones que exceden los límites máximos permisibles (LMP) pueden alterar la calidad del suelo, aire y el ambiente acuático donde se vierten. Por ello, en zonas rurales se implementan biodigestores que, en muchos casos por aspectos como fallas en el sistema, antigüedad y otros, no son eficientes y ponen en riesgo la calidad del ambiente. El objetivo general fue Evaluar la eficiencia de biodigestores en el tratamiento de las aguas residuales domésticas a nivel familiar en el CC.PP. El Milagro, Moyobamba. El estudio se realizó en el CC.PP. El Milagro, Moyobamba. La ejecución fue desde setiembre de 2023 a setiembre de 2024. Se caracterizó las concentraciones de parámetros físicos (temperatura, sólidos suspendidos totales (SST), turbiedad y color), químicos (aceites y grasas, demanda bioquímica de oxígeno (DBO5), demanda química de oxígeno (DQO), pH y detergentes) y microbiológicos (coliformes fecales) en el afluente y efluente de tres biodigestores, durante un periodo de tres meses, con frecuencia de un muestreo mensual, cuyos resultados se compararon con los LMP del Decreto Supremo N° 003-2010-MINAM, finalmente, se analizó la eficiencia de los biodigestores en la remoción de los parámetros estudiados en las aguas residuales domésticas; se desarrolló estadísticos descriptivos e inferenciales como la prueba T para muestras emparejadas. Se encontró en el afluente de los biodigestores que las concentraciones de SST, DBO5, DQO y coliformes fecales exceden los LMP, mientras que en el efluente de los sistemas de tratamiento, a excepción de SST y coliformes fecales los demás parámetros cumplen los LMP de vertimiento de aguas residuales domésticas, asimismo, se encontró volúmenes de remoción y eficiencias promedio (%) de 2,1 °C y 8,8 % para temperatura, 808,7 mg/L y 73,9 % para SST, 18,9 UNT y 74,9 % para turbiedad, 18,2 UPC y 54,7 % para color, 9,07 mg/L y 79,8 % para aceites y grasas, 292,5 mg/L y 81,3 % para DBO5, 643,4 mg/L y 82,2 % para DQO, 1,08 pH y 13,6 % para pH, 0,83 mg/L y 91,2 % para detergentes y 419 475,6 NMP/100 mL y 92.2 % para coliformes fecales. Se concluye que, existe impacto significativo de las letrinas de fosa (silo) en la calidad microbiológica del afloramiento de agua subterránea en el Sector Tipinillo de la ciudad de Moyobamba. Se concluye que existe eficiencia significativa de los biodigestores en el tratamiento de las aguas residuales domésticas a nivel familiar en el CC.PP. El Milagro, Moyobamba.
Efficiency of biodigesters in the treatment of domestic wastewater at the family level in the village of El Milagro, Moyobamba Domestic wastewater in concentrations that exceed the maximum permissible limits (MPL) can alter the quality of the soil, air and aquatic environment where it is discharged. For this reason, biodigesters are implemented in rural areas, but in many cases, due to system failures, age, etc., they are not efficient and putting at risk the quality of the environment. The general objective was To evaluate the efficiency of biodigesters in the treatment of domestic wastewater at the family level in the village of El Milagro, Moyobamba. The study was conducted in the village. The study was carried out in the village of El Milagro, Moyobamba. It was carried out from September 2023 to September 2024. The concentrations of physical (temperature, total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity and color), chemical (oils and fats, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH and detergents) and microbiological (fecal coliforms) parameters in the influent and effluent of three biodigesters were characterized, during a period of three months, with a monthly sampling frequency, whose results were compared with the MPL of the Decreto Supremo N° 003-2010-MINAM. Finally, the efficiency of the biodigesters in the removal of the studied parameters in domestic wastewater was analyzed; Descriptive and inferential statistics were developed, such as the T test for paired samples. It was found that the concentrations of TSS, BOD5, COD and fecal coliforms in the influent of the biodigesters exceed the MPL, while in the effluent of the treatment systems, with the exception of TSS and fecal coliforms, the other parameters comply with the MPL for domestic wastewater discharge, average removal volumes and efficiencies (%) of 2.1 °C and 8.8 % for temperature, 808.7 mg/L and 73.9 % for TSS, 18.9 UNT and 74.9 % for turbidity, 18.2 UPC and 54.7 % for color were found, 9.07 mg/L and 79.8 % for oils and fats, 292.5 mg/L and 81.3 % for BOD5, 643.4 mg/L and 82.2 % for COD, 1.08 pH and 13.6 % for pH, 0.83 mg/L and 91.2 % for detergents and 419 475.6 NMP/100 mL and 92. 2 % for fecal coliforms. It is concluded that there is a significant impact of pit latrines (silos) on the microbiological quality of the groundwater upwelling in the Tipinillo sector of the city of Moyobamba. It is concluded that there is significant efficiency of biodigesters in the treatment of domestic wastewater at the family level in the village of El Milagro, Moyobamba.
Efficiency of biodigesters in the treatment of domestic wastewater at the family level in the village of El Milagro, Moyobamba Domestic wastewater in concentrations that exceed the maximum permissible limits (MPL) can alter the quality of the soil, air and aquatic environment where it is discharged. For this reason, biodigesters are implemented in rural areas, but in many cases, due to system failures, age, etc., they are not efficient and putting at risk the quality of the environment. The general objective was To evaluate the efficiency of biodigesters in the treatment of domestic wastewater at the family level in the village of El Milagro, Moyobamba. The study was conducted in the village. The study was carried out in the village of El Milagro, Moyobamba. It was carried out from September 2023 to September 2024. The concentrations of physical (temperature, total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity and color), chemical (oils and fats, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH and detergents) and microbiological (fecal coliforms) parameters in the influent and effluent of three biodigesters were characterized, during a period of three months, with a monthly sampling frequency, whose results were compared with the MPL of the Decreto Supremo N° 003-2010-MINAM. Finally, the efficiency of the biodigesters in the removal of the studied parameters in domestic wastewater was analyzed; Descriptive and inferential statistics were developed, such as the T test for paired samples. It was found that the concentrations of TSS, BOD5, COD and fecal coliforms in the influent of the biodigesters exceed the MPL, while in the effluent of the treatment systems, with the exception of TSS and fecal coliforms, the other parameters comply with the MPL for domestic wastewater discharge, average removal volumes and efficiencies (%) of 2.1 °C and 8.8 % for temperature, 808.7 mg/L and 73.9 % for TSS, 18.9 UNT and 74.9 % for turbidity, 18.2 UPC and 54.7 % for color were found, 9.07 mg/L and 79.8 % for oils and fats, 292.5 mg/L and 81.3 % for BOD5, 643.4 mg/L and 82.2 % for COD, 1.08 pH and 13.6 % for pH, 0.83 mg/L and 91.2 % for detergents and 419 475.6 NMP/100 mL and 92. 2 % for fecal coliforms. It is concluded that there is a significant impact of pit latrines (silos) on the microbiological quality of the groundwater upwelling in the Tipinillo sector of the city of Moyobamba. It is concluded that there is significant efficiency of biodigesters in the treatment of domestic wastewater at the family level in the village of El Milagro, Moyobamba.
Description
Keywords
Aguas residuales domésticas, Biodigestores, Eficiencia, Remoción
Citation
Saavedra-Barcés, Ll.(2025).Eficiencia de biodigestores en el tratamiento de las aguas residuales domésticas a nivel familiar en el CC.PP. El Milagro, Moyobamba.Tesis para optar el título profesional de Ingeniero Sanitario. Facultad de Ecología, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Tarapoto, Perú.