Factores asociados a sobrepeso y obesidad en adolescentes de la Institución Educativa Clemente López Montalván, Calzada-2023
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Date
2024-12-16
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Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Fondo Editorial
Abstract
Factores asociados a sobrepeso y obesidad en adolescentes de la Institución Educativa Clemente López Montalván, Calzada-2023
Objetivo: determinar los factores asociados a sobrepeso y obesidad en adolescentes de la Institución Educativa Clemente López Montalván, Calzada 2023. Materiales y métodos: De tipo no experimental, básica, observacional, prospectivo. De nivel analítico y transversal. La muestra estuvo constituida por 68 adolescentes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. La metodología seleccionada para este estudio fue la encuesta, utilizando el cuestionario como instrumento de investigación. Resultados: se identificó un 16.46% de casos de sobrepeso y 10.84% de obesidad. La edad promedio fue de 14.6 años, el rango de edad con mayor porcentaje de sobrepeso y obesidad fue entre 10 a 14 años. El 52.9% corresponde al sexo femenino y el 47.1% al masculino. El 63.2% de adolescentes nacieron con peso normal y el 19.1% fueron macrosómicos. Se identificó que el 47.8% (n=65) padres de familia cuentan con estudios de nivel secundario, mientras que el 27.2% (n=37) solo llegaron al nivel primario. El 51.5% de los padres tiene sobrepeso u obesidad. El nivel socioeconómico prevalente es el nivel D (36.8%) y C (35.3%). La mayoría de los adolescentes recibieron lactancia materna exclusiva 67.6%. El 85.3% de adolescentes tiene hábitos nutricionales adecuados. Y el 48.5% de los adolescentes tienen actividad física baja, solo el 4.4% tienen una actividad física buena. Los resultados indican que el sexo femenino (OR = .263, IC 95%: -2.459 – -.208, p < 0.01), la obesidad y sobrepeso de ambos padres (OR = 14.357, IC 95%: -0.483–4.24, p < 0.05) y que los hábitos nutricionales inadecuados de los adolescentes (OR = 4.654, IC 95%: 0.046 – 3.029 p < 0.05), representan indicadores sustanciales de la existencia de obesidad y sobrepeso. Conclusión: El sobrepeso y la obesidad en adolescentes de la Institución Educativa Clemente López Montalván están vinculados a factores biológicos, socioculturales y ambientales.
Factors associated with overweight and obesity in adolescents at the Clemente López Montalván Educational Institution, Calzada-2023 Objective: To determine the factors associated with overweight and obesity in adolescents at the Clemente López Montalván Educational Institution, Calzada 2023. Materials and methods: Non-experimental, basic, observational, prospective. Analytical and cross-sectional. The sample consisted of 68 adolescents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The methodology selected for this study was the survey, using the questionnaire as the research instrument. Results: 16.46% of cases of overweight and 10.84% of obesity were identified. The average age was 14.6 years, the age range with the highest percentage of overweight and obesity was between 10 and 14 years. Female sex accounted for 52.9% and male for 47.1%. 63.2% of adolescents were born with normal weight and 19.1% were macrosomic. It was found that 47.8% (n=65) of the parents had secondary school education, while 27.2% (n=37) only reached primary school level. 51.5% of parents are overweight or obese. The prevalent socio-economic level is level D (36.8%) and C (35.3%). The majority of adolescents were exclusively breastfed 67.6%. 85.3% of the adolescents have adequate nutritional habits. And 48.5% of adolescents have low physical activity, only 4.4% have good physical activity. The results indicate that female sex (OR = .263, 95% CI: -2.459 - -.208, p < 0.01), obesity and overweight of both parents (OR = 14.357, 95% CI: -0.483-4.24, p < 0.05) and inadequate nutritional habits of adolescents (OR = 4.654, 95% CI: 0.046 - 3.029 p < 0.05), represent substantial indicators of the existence of obesity and overweight. Conclusion: Overweight and obesity in adolescents at the Clemente López Montalván Educational Institution are linked to biological, sociocultural and environmental factors.
Factors associated with overweight and obesity in adolescents at the Clemente López Montalván Educational Institution, Calzada-2023 Objective: To determine the factors associated with overweight and obesity in adolescents at the Clemente López Montalván Educational Institution, Calzada 2023. Materials and methods: Non-experimental, basic, observational, prospective. Analytical and cross-sectional. The sample consisted of 68 adolescents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The methodology selected for this study was the survey, using the questionnaire as the research instrument. Results: 16.46% of cases of overweight and 10.84% of obesity were identified. The average age was 14.6 years, the age range with the highest percentage of overweight and obesity was between 10 and 14 years. Female sex accounted for 52.9% and male for 47.1%. 63.2% of adolescents were born with normal weight and 19.1% were macrosomic. It was found that 47.8% (n=65) of the parents had secondary school education, while 27.2% (n=37) only reached primary school level. 51.5% of parents are overweight or obese. The prevalent socio-economic level is level D (36.8%) and C (35.3%). The majority of adolescents were exclusively breastfed 67.6%. 85.3% of the adolescents have adequate nutritional habits. And 48.5% of adolescents have low physical activity, only 4.4% have good physical activity. The results indicate that female sex (OR = .263, 95% CI: -2.459 - -.208, p < 0.01), obesity and overweight of both parents (OR = 14.357, 95% CI: -0.483-4.24, p < 0.05) and inadequate nutritional habits of adolescents (OR = 4.654, 95% CI: 0.046 - 3.029 p < 0.05), represent substantial indicators of the existence of obesity and overweight. Conclusion: Overweight and obesity in adolescents at the Clemente López Montalván Educational Institution are linked to biological, sociocultural and environmental factors.
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Keywords
Sobrepeso, Obesidad, Adolescentes
Citation
Torres Gómez, D. A.(2024).Factores asociados a sobrepeso y obesidad en adolescentes de la Institución Educativa Clemente López Montalván, Calzada-2023. Tesis para optar el título de Médico Cirujano. Facultad de Medicina Huamana, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Tarapoto, Perú.